Nissans Global Strategy

Nissans planetary StrategyNissans global system with focus towards its entry and enlargement to IndiaIntroductionGlobalisation in harm of outline actually makes us aw argon of to twain simultaneous changes, the globalisation of industries and the globalisation of markets. The globalisation of industries refers to the increased integration of melodic phrase across discipline b rates due to rapid advancement in communications, transportations and the absence of wide beam high intensity world conflict in the lead to increased external trade flows and foreign direct investment. The technological advances combine with successful capital punishment of free trade policies by many countries has resulted in companies being capable to expand their operations transnationally as well as manage itself in multiple countries. The globalisation of markets refers to the concept that demand preferences are fit more than homogenous across national borders which means people are increa singly cheeking for same proceeds more or less the world. Both these aspects walkoer predominant importance in a firms global strategy towards its expansion internationally. (Scott Gallagher, 2005)Nissans Global StrategyNissan Motors global strategy involves its aim to be trace an effort leader in zero- emanation vehicles and to cultivate giveing markets with inexpensive global motor gondolas. As part of zero-emission environmental friendly vehicles, it would be beginning with the launching of the parvenue electric vehicles (EVs) which would be powered by advanced lithium-ion batteries to be conjointly developed with electronic maker NEC Corp. The EV to be introduced allow for have got a unique proboscis style on an all- current vehicle platform which would be compact for the city, yet big enough to verbalise five adults. Importantly, it impart be thoroughly usable with brisk executing and a range of 160kms. It leave behind have the performance of a regular(prenomi nal) 1.6-litre petrol-engine elevator car while recharging from a high voltage source allow for restore 80 per cent of the battery capacity in around 30 minutes. The party with its coalition partner Renault, which backs 44% stake in it, has been developing partnerships with various governments and specialist companies to build a sustainable mobility internet and create public awareness towards EVs as its preparing for selling them on a mass scale. Various catching has been signed with electricity companies, charging station suppliers and governments to enhance the concept of zero emission mobility and provide infrastructure support, craft economy or spin incentives such as tax relief, parking or toll rebates for EV buyers (Source The Japan Times online, May 14, 2008). Cultivating developing markets with low-cost global cars, Nissan is globally launching its juvenile small car on a fresh global platform. The common global platform strategy is part of Nissans endeavour to produce a host of cars, be it hatchbacks or sedans, across five countries in which thus far India, China and Thailand have been identified as key manufacturing locations. The new small car, touted as a replacement for the Micra, will freshman go into production in Thailand with rapture out key components from India and then latishr on the production would be from India.Nissans Entry Expansion to IndiaAs part of its entry and expansion to India, the ac guild is tying up with its alliance partner Renault and stetted up a manufacturing initiation in Chennai, India with an investment of INR 4500 crores, which will have a capacity of producing quadruplet lakh wholes. It also has alliance with Ashok Leyland to build Light Commercial Vehicles, with Bajaj to develop ultra-low-cost cars, with Hover for marketing, sales and dealer development support and with Maruti-Suzuki to export A-segment vehicles to atomic number 63 (Source The Hindu blood line Line, family 30, 2009). Apart from setting up a manufacturing facility, Nissan Motors India Private Limited is also developing a high-tech enquiry and development facility in Chennai mainly used for developing Robotic word picture that would help in boosting up the calibre, enhance flexibility, increase saving and amend safety for its international argumentation. This R D facility would allow the company to claim the weighted tax deduction of up to 150% for in-house investigate and R D activities entitled by the government of India, reservation its product more worryly cheaper (Source Rediff India Abroad, Apr 10, 2009). The company believes that the scope of growth in India is massive since the penetration of vehicles into the markets is less than 50 per 1000 nationals compared to US of 800, Germany, Japan, UK and France of 600 vehicles per 1,000 people. The total pains volume globally increased 6.1 per cent even though western Europe was flat, the US market was rarify 3.5 per cent and Japan was down 5.3 per cent in 2008 (Source Business Standard, May 13, 2008).As part of its marketing strategy, the company, which al tack together has two models Teana and X-Trail for the Indian market from 2004 onwards, is rolling out new sports car Z370 in 2010 and fully redesigned lavishness sedan Teana and X-Trail. The Teana which was pitted against the Volkswagen Passat and the BMW 3 Series, won the Indian Executive Car of the Year 2008 for its excellence in driving comfort, performance, design and style, purpose with relevance and value for money. any these iii vehicles is brought as Completely Built Units from Japan paying 109 percent affair showing that the company is fashioning all possible efforts to expand its front line in India. Apart from that the company, will increase its product range to gild models by 2012, five of which will be manufactured in the Chennai plant. The first among these, to be launched in mid 2010, will be a hatchback based on the platform of Nissan Micra, exp ect to be priced close to INR 5 lakhs in the Indian market (Source The Economic Times, Sep 27, 2009). The company will begin exporting to Europe by second half of 2010, somewhat 110,000 units (expected to grow to 180,000 units in future), manufactured in India per year, for which it has a contract manufacturing alliance with Maruti Suzuki. For exporting from Chennai, India, it has signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Ennore Port Ltd (EPL), making it the first automaker to utilize this eastern gateway port of India as an export base. EPL will complete development of a berth with shoes of 140,000m2 for vehicles by the end of June 2010 and would provide dedicated jetty for exports of Nissan cars to Europe (Source get Inside.com, Oct 18, 2008). There is no information on how Nissan is going to price its car in Europe, exported from India, and the company will have to definitely overlay the import-export tariff grade as the EU-India Free Trade Agreement is unsounded under neg otiation and is roughly likely to be signed at the end of 2010. Regarding the exchange rate issues, it will depend upon which currency the company is going to invoice on. If its in US horses, as done for virtually of the trading between EU and India, then the company would have to look into the exchange rates between Indian Rupee Dollar and Dollar Euro. If its going for Euro trade, then it would have to address the exchange rates between Euro and Indian Rupee. In both these cases, the company will have to come up with fixed exchange values for fixing price and accept that it does not vary drastically on the negative side atomic number 82 to reduced profit margins. The company wouldnt have problem converting the profit to Nipponese Yen as the Indian currency is fully convertible in the current account.Business in IndiaDoing vocation in India is all approximately knowing the system, reading the signals (political and economic) as well as understanding the imagination of th e market before making investment decisions. The country is politically static having a parliamentary system of democracy, economically growing rapidly at around 8% in spite of economic downturn, culturally diversify and technologically advanced. It has an efficiently structured production line enterprise system with regulatory laws in place which are updated regularly, in keeping with the needs of the industrial and management systems. It is the home to a huge middle class macrocosm whose purchasing power parity is rapidly growing which itself forms to one of the biggest consumer bases in the world, besides the growth potential, relatively low risk on investment, liberal availability of highly skilled manpower, established contract law, developed intelligent system, modernizing stock markets, national banking system and democratic institutions constitutes to some of its advantages. Indias return on investment is one of the highest in the world at 19% compared to Chinas at 14% owing to efficient use of capital, the reason for it is the cost of doing tune in India is lower than closely countries of the world because of the availability of inexpensive savvy and advanced telecommunications (Source Doing Business in India 2009, WB IFC).The disdain culture of India is a reflection of the various norms and standards followed by its people. It is so diversified that it changes between every(prenominal) province affecting the way business is done. A sound noesis of Indias cultural practices and business etiquettes is necessary for any trade or business venture within the country. A proper understanding of culture and business etiquette would not only demonstrate a respect for India exactly will also create a feel practiced factor amongst the prospective clients. Culturally and as a mark of politeness, Indians have difficulty in saying no, this could be a stumbling block in negotiations and in gag rule contracts. The notion of succession, time manageme nt, punctuality is still an anathema in India. It is more to do with the mindset and ingrained in the Indian culture. It would not be surprising if meetings are postponed, re scheduled, whoremastercelled or organized at a very short notice. Bureaucratic hurdles and a laidback procession to work in the government circles results in delay in touch on and overload of paperwork, hence immense patience is necessary for any business transaction. Also due to the lack of infrastructure and pitiable supply twine management, doing business need to be carefully organised and should be ready to overcome such hurdles. The companies follow the hierarchical system and decision making is usually from the top to bottom (Sandy Naidu, 2008).All companies doing business in India m sr.iness comply with the regulatory laws under the Companies Act, 1956. It is mandatory for every company in India to register its Articles and Memorandum of Association with the Registrar of Companies (ROC) and should a ccompany declinelaration of residence which must be duly stamped and signed by an advocate of the senior high school Court or Supreme Court or chartered control in whole time practice, Notice of the situation of the registered company, Particulars of Directors and the ROCs letter indicating the adulation of the nomenclature of the company in original.Automotive in IndiaThe railcar effort in India is the ninth largest in the world with an annual production of over 2 million units. It emerged as Asias fourth largest exporter of autos, behind Japan, South Korea and Thailand. succeeding(a) economic liberalization in India in 1991 which included opening for international trade and investment, deregulation, initiation of privatization, tax reforms and inflation-controlling measures, the Indian self-propelled effort has present sustained growth as a result of increased battle and relaxed restrictions. The industry clearly stands out as a significant reader to the economic growth as it contributes to close to 4% to the GDP, accounting for about 5% of the total industrial output (KPMGs India Automotive claim, 2007).The Indian automobile industry has seen rapid technological change over the last cristal in terms of both product characteristics as well as manufacturing processes. At the same time, technological changes and the deepening of technological capabilities have been hold in not only to the car manufacturers but also to the auto components industry. The industry has witnessed an unprecedented boom in recent years, owing to the gain in living standards of the middle class and a significant increase in their disposable incomes added up with easy availability of car loans, affordable rates of interest, smooth repayment facilities and the deductions offered by the retailers (KPMGs India Automotive Study, 2007). Keeping that in mind, most of the major global car manufacturers have established a presence, both through their subsidiaries or through Joi nt Ventures. These manufacturers have access to the a la mode(p) technology in product, manufacturing process terms and range of products using which trying to make inroadstead into the Indian market. This has helped transform the technological landscape of the Indian car market by segmenting itself with all varieties of car models like the small cars, mid-size cars, luxury cars, super luxury cars and sports utility vehicles. The constant changes in the existing car models with regard to design, innovation, technology and colours have led to a fiercely competitive market. In spite of all these, the small cars still hold the major market share in terms of sales, making most of the manufacturers to develop cost effective technology to make out in that segment, since the consumers are extremely cost-conscious and have greater awareness towards the latest technologies.Seeing the rapid growth of vehicles in the country, government of India introduced range of policies to tackle vehicu lar pollution, as a major step towards this, India-2000 norms were introduced, which is Euro-I equivalent. Subsequently Bharat Stage-II (Euro-II equivalent) norms were put into place for passenger cars and multi-utility vehicles and now BS-III BS-IV norms are being adopted in highly dirty cities (Chikkatur, Ananth Sagar, 2007) . At the same time, government has also mandated a reduction of a number of critical pollutants from automobile fuels. Meeting these standards requires the implementation of some gang of technologies such as fuel injection, multi-valve engines, catalytic converters, fixed exhaust squander recirculation and need substantial change in engine design (A.D.Sagar P.Chandra, 2006). All these factors like intense competition, customers price sensitivity, increasingly sophisticated demands and progressively tighter emission standards have acted in concert to place a tremendous force on the manufacturers to reduce costs as well as offer an improved and wider ran ge of technological features to their Indian and global customers. This, in turn, has resulted in a series of changes in the technological landscape of the Indian automobile industry.Challenges for Indian Automotive IndustryAmong the many issues facing the Indian automotive industry, the biggest by far is the poor road infrastructure. Indias road network, comprising of a base national highway system is woefully inadequate and shabby and can barely keep pace with the auto industrys rapid growth. Most roads are single-lane roads crowded with two-wheelers, bullock carts, pedestrian adult male and even cows. Traffic laws are not well enforced leading to one of the highest per-capita accident rates in the world. Secondly, attracting and nurturing talented manpower not only for the creation of better and trusty products but also for serve and maintenance throughout the life cycle of the product. Thirdly, the massive increase in the cost of input materials like steel which has increase d by almost 40%, copper by 45% and natural rubber by 40% and also the significant tariffs imposed on import products and components combined with the inconsistency of currency exchange rates make localization despotic for companies go into the Indian market. Some of the other issues are like inadequate testing facilities and inspection, maintenance and documentation system. Presently the country has testing facilities at the Automotive Research Association of India and the Vehicle Research and Development Establishment, but the need for additional and more extensive test facilities has become clearer in the past few years. The country has Inspection and Maintenance policy but it is widely regarded as having only limited effectiveness and an upgraded inspection, maintenance and certification system with better enforcement is urgently needed (Automotive explosive charge Plan 2006- 2016, Dec 2006).Challenges for Nissan in IndiaOther than the challenges discussed above, that is exis ting in the automobile sector in India, Nissan will have to overcome some of its own operational challenges like teaching the mindset of Kaizen to its workers and local suppliers and to constantly and consistently raise their quality standards. Kaizen simply means continuous or constant improvement. In Japanese Kai means to take apart and zen means to make good. unneurotic these two words mean to take something apart in order to make it better. Kaizen is based on the fundamentals of scientific analysis in which you take apart the elements of a process or system to understand how it works, and then discover how to influence or improve it. Continuous improvement is the small, gradual, incremental changes applied over a long period of time that add up to a major impact on business and quality results, the realisation of how important a smallest idea is in attaining superior results. As part of that, under the guidance of team of engineers from Nissan and Honda, Caparo India, the Indi an unit of a British auto parts maker that manufacturers steel body panels and other metal parts, have built up a new assembly lines using the Japanese and Taiwanese factory equipment and have efficaciously adopted Kaizen management (Source The New York Times, Jun 26, 2008).The other threat the company has is, entering a market segment that is highly competitive, dominated by old players like Maruti-Suzuki, Hyundai Motors and Tata Motors, which together hold majority of the market share for so many years building the confidence of the customers, making it a late entry. The first car to be revealed by Nissan from the platform of Nissan Micra is going to compete with established and highly selling brands like Swift of Maruti-Suzuki, Getz of Hyundai Motors and Indigo of Tata Motors, two of this brand are also exported to Europe.ConclusionBut in spite of all these challenge and threat factors, the company positions itself well and capitalise on its strengths like major global presence making it a reliable and approved international brand, commendable presence in the Europe market, good tie-ups with local Indian manufacturers like Bajaj, Mahindra and Ashok Leyland enabling them the ease of penetration by understanding the needs of customers and customising it accordingly. More than that, since the Indian car industry is expected to grow from 2 Million to 8 Million units by 2020, gives great opportunity to all players and Nissan could be one of the main gainers keeping in mind its international reputation and standards.References* Ambuj D. Sagar Pankaj Chandra (2006), Technological Change in the Indian Passenger Car Industry, Indian Institute of Management* AMP- Automotive Mission Plan 2006- 2016 The Department of Heavy Industries, Government of India (Dec 2006), www.siamindia.com/upload/AMP.pdf* Chikkatur, Ananth, and Ambuj Sagar (2007), Cleaner motive in India Towards a Clean-Coal-Technology Roadmap, Indian Institute of Management* Doing Business in India 200 9, World Bank and International Financial Corporation* KPMGs India Automotive Study 2007, Domestic Growth and Global Aspirations, KPMG International, 2007.* Sandy Naidu (2008), A Detailed goop Guide To Indian Business Culture, IQebooks.com* Scott Gallagher (2005), Why Does Firm Performance disagree?* Business Standard, May 13, 2008, www.business-standard.com/india* Drive Inside.com, Oct 18, 2008, www.driveinside.com/News/Press-Releases/55XGNS/NISSAN-WILL-BE-FIRST-AUTOMAKER-TO-EXPORT-FROM-ENNORE-PORT.aspx* Rediff India Abroad, Apr 10, 2009, http//www.rediff.com//money/2009/apr/10nissan-micra-in-india-in-2010.htm* The Hindu Business Line, Sep 30, 2009, www.blonnet.com/2009/09/30/stories* The Japan Times online, May 14, 2008, http//search.japantimes.co.jp/cgi-bin/nb20080514a2.html* The Economic Times, Sep 27, 2009, http//economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/ news-by-industry/auto/automobiles/Nissan-to-launch-sports-car-Z370-in-India-in-2010/articleshow/5059873.cms* The New York Times, J un 26, 2008, www.nytimes.com/2008/06/26/ business/worldbusiness/26iht-nissan.4.14028225.html* www.fleetcar.ie/index.php/news/169-nissan-puts-zero-emissions-at-centre-of-its-global-strategy* www.nissannews.com* www.stylusinc.com/business/indiaBibliography* Indian Brand Equity Foundation, www.ibef.org/economy/economyoverview.aspx* Robin John Grazia Letto Gillies (2007), Global business strategy* SIAM -Society of Indian Automobile Manufacturers, www.siamindia.com* Tilman Altenburga, Hubert Schmitzb Andreas Stamma (2007), Breakthrough Indias Transition from exertion to Innovation* www.carazoo.com/autonews/0603200802/Nissan-keen-on-Indiaas-key-production-centre-for-future-cars* www.mfg-matters.com/kaizen/* www.nissan-global.com/EN/DOCUMENT/HTML/FINANCIAL/SPEECH/2008/e-20080513.html