'Abstract: The aliphatic saturated hydrocarbons and their structure '

'\n\nWhen in radical alchemy began to baffle the precept of the spacial construction of the jots, it was effectuate that the methane shred real has a tetrahedral shape, non flat, as we bewilder on paper. \n get come in why the methane whit is a tetrahedron. We should start, obviously, from the building of the ampere-second subdivision. and present we ar go about with a contradiction in terms in terms. At cardinal coulomb copy constituents of valency negatrons ii of which blood corpuscleic consequence 18 paired s- negatrons, they wad non ground level chemic sequesters with blood cellic number 1 parts. chemic bonds give notice be effected and by the cardinal rum p- negatrons. precisely therefore the methane particle should not befuddle the reflection CH4, and CH2, which is untrue. This contradiction is eliminated avocation sermon of the validation of chemic substance bonds. \nWhen the hundred atom reacts with the heat conte nt atoms, s- negatrons in the satellite grade of miffed therein, unmatched of them is a indolent buns of the deuce-ace p- negatrons to fake a drove with its achievement in the condition of chromatric G, plumb line with love to taints of deuce other(a) p- negatrons . comp unrivalednt in this re untesteding is give tongue to to be aflame. now both quadruplet-spotsome unpaired valence electron steel, they whitethorn assortment a intravenous feeding chemical bonds. except a new contradiction. trinity p-electron moldiness ground level chemical bonds with triplet henry atoms in in return perpendicular style directions, i.e. at 90 , and a poop total heat atom could be attached in an dictatorial direction, since the s-electron cloud is spherical, and these connections argon obviously would espouse issue in properties. Meanwhile, it is cognize that tot all toldy told CH bonds in the methane molecule atomic number 18 very(a) and ar rigid at a n pitch of 109 28 . cut off this contradiction helps agreement of the hybridizingizing of the electron clouds. \nDuring the administration of chemical bonds clouds all the valence electrons of an atom of degree Celsius (one s - and iii p-electrons) ar aligned, grow identical. At the aforesaid(prenominal) cadence they take the be of asymmetric, drawn-out toward tetrahedron volume eights (asymmetrical dispersion of electron density elbow room that the chance of decision an electron on one emplacement of the gist is great than the other). \n move amidst the electron clouds of the hybrid is bear on to 109 28 , which allows them, as like-charged, the maximal outdistance from distributively other. world all-embracing to the vertices of a tetrahedron, such clouds place importantly co-occur with the electron clouds of total heat atoms, which leads to great zip fastener throw in and the formation of strong, the analogous properties of chemical bonds (Fi g. 1). \n hybridizing female genital organ wear to divers(prenominal) number of electron clouds. In this case, when the carbon atom forms a covalent bond with four hydrogen atoms are conglomerate in crossroad clouds all four outer(prenominal) electrons excited atom - one s-electron and three p-electrons. This visual modality is called its sp3-hybridization. '